2014年MBA全国联考英语之MBA专业术语(3)

　　C

　　Capital 资本

　　The equipment and structures used to produce goods and services

　　Capital flight 资本外流

　　A large and sudden reduction in the demand for assets located in a country

　　Cartel 卡特尔

　　A group of firms acting in unison

　　Catch-up effect 追赶效应

　　The property that countries that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly than countries that start off rich

　　Central bank 中央银行

　　An institution designed to oversee the banking system and regulate the quantity of money in the economy

　　Ceteris paribus 其它条件相同

　　A Latin phrase, translated as ’other things being equal,’ used as a reminder that all variables other than the ones being studied are assumed to be constant

　　Circular-flow diagram 循环流向图

　　A visual model of the economy that shows how dollars flow through markets among households and firms

　　Classical dichotomy 古典二分法

　　The theoretical separation of nominal and real variables

　　Closed economy 封闭经济

　　An economy that does not interact with other economies in the world

　　Coase theorem 科斯定理

　　The proposition that if private parties can bargain without cost over the allocation of resources, they can solve the problem of externalities on their own

　　Collective bargaining 集体谈判

　　The process by which unions and firms agree on the terms of employment

　　Collusion 勾结

　　An agreement among firms in a market about quantities to produce or prices to charge

　　Commodity money 商品货币

　　Money that takes the form of a commodity with intrinsic value

　　Common resources 共有资源

　　Goods that are rival but not excludable

　　Comparable worth 同工同酬

　　A doctrine according to which jobs deemed comparable should be paid the same wage

　　Comparative advantage 比较优势

　　The comparison among producers of a good according to their opportunity cost

　　Compensating wage differential 补偿性工资差别

　　A difference in wages that arises to offset the nonmonetary characteristics of different jobs

　　Competitive market 竞争市场

　　A market with many buyers and sellers trading identical products so that each buyer and seller is a price taker

　　Complements 互补品