In a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 1 21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转)around the earth. An 17% did not know which revolved around 2 . I have no doubt that 3 all of these people were 4 in school that the earth revolves around the sun; 5 may even have written it 6 at test. But they never 7 their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) 8 because their every day observations didn’t support 9 their teachers told them: People see the sun moving 10 the sky as morning turns to night,and the earth seems stationary (静止的) 11 that is happening. Students can learn the right answers 12 heart in class,and yet never combined them 13 their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the 14 personal understanding of the world can 15 side by side,each unaffected by the other.
Outside of class,the student continues to use the 16 model because it has always worked well 17 that circumstance. Unless professors address 18 errors in students’ personal models of the world,students are not 19 to replace them with the 20 one.
1. A. excessive B. extra C. additional D. added
2. A. what B. which C. that D. other
3. A. virtually B. remarkably C. ideally D. preferably
4. A. learned B. suggested C. taught D. advised
5. A. those B. these C. who D. they
6. A. on B. with C. under D. for
7. A. formed B. altered C. believed D. thought
8. A. operation B. position C. motion D. location
9. A. how B. which C. that D. what
10. A. around B. across C. on D. above
11 .A. since B. so C. while D. for
12. A. to B. by C. in D. with
13. A. with B. into C. to D. along
14. A. adult’s B. teacher’s C. scientist’s D. student’s
15. A. exist B. occur C. survive D. maintain
16. A. private B. individual C. personal D. own
17. A. in B. with C. on D. for
18. A. general B. natural C. similar D. specific
19. A. obliged B. likely C. probable D. partial
20 A. perfect B. better C. reasonable D. correct
【参考答案】:
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.B
11.C 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.B 20.D
【答案解析】:
1. C四个答案都有“额外”的意思,但各有偏重。A重在表达“过量、超过正常的部分”; B是“在一类事物之外的额外部分”; D是“外加的”。因此只有C答案符合本题要求:“另外有7%的人不知道是谁绕着谁转。”
2. B如上题所述,句中已有which,要表达“不知谁绕着谁转”的意思,只能选B。
3. A本题考词汇。virtually:实际上地; remarkably:很明显地; ideally:理想地; preferably:更适宜地。从句意来看,只能选A。
4. C本句意:“实际上,这些人在学校都学过地球绕着太阳转的。”本句谓语用的是被动语态,故答案为C。
5. D本题考代词。承接上句,此处应为直接代替上句中所提到的人们,所以用they。
6. A此题考查固定搭配write on(记下,写下)。
7. B 由句中incorrect mental models一处可获得提示,“不正确的模型应该得到更正”,因此,此题选B答案。form:形成; believe:相信; think:认为。
8. C此句句意为:“但他们不肯改变脑海里错误的行星运动模式。”据意义判断,只有motion符合句意。选项中position和location都是表示静止位置的词,而行星是在不断运动中的,因此不能选。
9. D此题为意义和语法结合题。语法上,本题缺少的是宾语从句的引导词,在从句中作宾语,并具有自己的意义。因此,只有D的what才符合题意。
10. B本题缺少一个介词,本句意为:“人们看到太阳越过天际,因此有了日夜更替。”能和天空搭配,并体现运动感的介词只有B答案:across。
11. C本题考连词。句意为:“当这一切发生的时候,地球仿佛是静止的。”因此应选C:while。
12. B本题考固定搭配。by heart意为“用心熟记”; in heart意为“兴高采烈”,其他并无固定搭配选项。故应选B答案。
13. A此题考的又是固定搭配:combine sth. with sth.(将某物与某物结合起来)。故此选A。
14. D此题考上下文理解。根据文章意思,教授所提供的正确答案应该是和学生对于世界的个人理解并存。故此处应选D。
15. A如上题所述,表示存在的选项即为A。occur:发生; survive:存活; maintain:维持。
16. C本题考查文章理解和词汇的用法。(考试大)在课外,学生仍使用他们自己脑中的模型。A答案强调“私人的”; B答案指“个体的”; D答案前应为形容词性的人称代词; 惟有C可以表达主观的“个人想法”之意。故此,选C。
17. A此题考查介词的固定搭配。能和环境circumstance一词搭配的只有A:in。
18. D此题考查大家的理解能力。意为:“除非教师指出学生世界观模式中的某个错误,学生是不可能摒弃自己的观点,而认可正确观点的。”由此可知,错误应是具体的,所以选D。
19. B参照上题,表示“不可能”的词组只有B符合be likely to do的搭配。
20. D参照88题,与原来错误的模型相反,当然是正确的模型。故答案为D。
本文选自新东方在线论坛。
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