2015同等学力英语阅读练习(5)

　　阅读理解

　　For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light，shift work，all-night cable TV and the Internet，earth’s creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms. Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle. Simply，our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives.(Contrary to popular belief，humans don’t need less sleep as they age.)

　　But on average，Americans sleep only about seven and a half hour per night，a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910. What’s worse，nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people，that’s not nearly enough.

　　Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused by staying up late and by traveling frequently between time zone or by working nights. Dr. James F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders.“Before we do anything else，we look at their sleep.”Jones says.

　　Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns.“My motto(座右铭)is‘Sleep defensively’.”says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep，even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines-like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day-are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference. As with Elsner，who used to suffer from sleeplessness，a few life style changes—avoiding stimulants and late meals，exercising hours before bedtime，relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep.

　　1. What is TRUE of human sleep?

　　A. On average，people in the U. S. today sleep less per night than they used to.

　　B. For most people，less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night is enough.

　　C. Most people need less sleep when they grow older.

　　D. Most people need seven and a half hems of sleep every night.

　　2. For our bodies to function properly，we should .

　　A. adjust our activities to the new inventions

　　B. be able to predict the rhythms of our biological clocks

　　C. sleep for at least eight hours per night

　　D. believe that we need less sleep as we age

　　3. According to the author，many sleeping disorders are caused by .

　　A. improper sleep patterns

　　B. chronic fatigue syndrome

　　C. other diseases

　　D. pre-bedtime exercises

　　4. Which of the following measures can help you sleep better?

　　A. Having late meals.

　　B. Traveling between time zones.

　　C. Staying up late.

　　D. Taking a hot bath.

　　5. “Sleep defensively”means that .

　　A. people should sacrifice other things to getting enough sleep if necessary

　　B. people should give up going to bed and getting up at the same time every day

　　C. people should go to a doctor and have their problems diagnosed

　　D. people should exercise immediately before going to bed every night

　　答案解析：

　　1. 【正确答案】A

　　【考点类型】细节判断

　　【解析过程】关于人类睡眠下面哪句是对的?

　　线索：文章的第2段提到“But on average，Americans sleep only about seven and a half hour per night，a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910.”表明A是正确答案。B选项和原文的内容相反“...get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people，that’s not nearly enough.”C选项和文章的整个内容不符合。D选项和原文“Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly”不符合。

　　【考点提示】细节判断排除混淆选项一定要有耐心和掌握正确的方法。一般第一道题目不会是这种题，如果出现的话，不要从文章的后几段寻找相关信息，就在文章的前两段寻找，定位非常关键。

　　2. 【正确答案】C

　　【考点类型】细节判断

　　【解析过程】为了使我们的身体功能正常运行，我们应该 。

　　线索：文章的第1段提到“Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives.”表明选项C是正确答案。D选项的内容和原文截然相反“Contrary to popular belief，humans don’t need less sleep as they age.”与流行的观念相反，人并不是变老以后就需要减少睡眠。

　　3. 【正确答案】A

　　【考点类型】细节判断

　　【解析过程】根据作者，许多睡眠紊乱出现的原因是 。

　　线索：文章的第3段提到“But many problems are caused by staying up late and by traveling frequently between time zone or by working nights.”说明选项A是正确答案。B选项不是问题出现的原因，可以认为是它的一个并发症。D选项是改进睡眠的一个方法，不是问题产生的一个原因。

　　4. 【正确答案】D

　　【考点类型】细节判断

　　【解析过程】下面的哪一个措施能帮助你睡得更好?

　　线索：文章的第4段提到“avoiding stimulants and late meals，exercising hours before bedtime，relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep.”选项D是正确答案。其他几个选项是造成失眠的原因，不是减轻失眠的方法。

　　5. 【正确答案】A

　　【考点类型】句子理解

　　【解析过程】“保护性睡眠”意思是 。

　　线索：文章的第4段提到“She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep，even if it means giving up other things.”表明选项A是正确答案。其他几个选项为干扰项。