2015年GCT英语备考辅导：做完型填空题的步骤

　　•完型填空题也是一种阅读理解，但不同于一般的阅读理解题，由于10处抽空失去较多信息，全文思想内容断断续续，主题线索若隐若现，大大增加了题目的复杂性，没有合理的做题步骤会造成次序混乱，效率低下。

　　•首先浏览全文，不为空白处困扰，充分利用已知信息，把握文章大意。其中，读懂首句十分重要。前文已介绍，第一句一般不抽词，是完整的，就是给考生留作线索，一定要加以利用。

　　•此外，完形填空题要求考生从内容和结构上将文章补全，因此整篇文章有其中心思想，并具有完整性和逻辑性，从英语文章的习惯来看，第一句话往往是引领全文主旨的主题句，或者是引出主题思想的相关内容。从第一句话我们一般就能知道：主要的论点和主张;事物的性质特点、范围、大致发展趋势和归属;事物发生的时间、地点、环境、主要人物等。我们看下面的例子：

　　The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is 1 the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of 2 breakdown in the communication cycle. Too often, careless use of words 3 a meeting of the mind of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may 4 unfavorable reactions in the listener 5 interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down.

　　6 , inaccurate or indefinite words may make 7 difficult for the listener to understand the 8 which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in working vocabulary may be 9 to explain or describe in a 10 that can

　　be understood by listeners.

　　•首句：The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. 就语言而言，可以讨论的首要的以及最小的单位就是单词。

　　•接下来，文章讨论了说话时选词的重要性，选词不当会造成交流的障碍，甚至引起听话人的不快。这儿的首句就是提出了全篇要讨论的话题。

　　•除了首句，尾句也包含着重要已知信息，往往是全文的总结归纳，值得关注。此外，每一题供选的四个答案也是可利用的信息，有助于理解部分篇章乃至全文。很多段落，一般考生不看选项提示很难浏览出个所以然来。

　　• Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 1 . As was discussed before, it was not 2 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 3 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4 of the periodical.

　　• [A] between [B] before [C] since [D] until

　　•第二步，有了对全文大致的理解，就要开始对题目逐个解答。做题按顺序进行，不要随意挑着去做，因为完形题短文都具有相对完整的主题大意，前后逻辑连贯，按顺序做有利于更好的理解，提高答题速度和正确率。

　　•同样道理，要尽量保持做题进程的流畅，不能因某些难点而停滞不前，影响阅读理解的连续性，降低选答正确率。

　　•第三步，初步选完答案后，重新推敲疑难之处。往往由于初选阶段读完全文，理解加深，原来所谓疑难题的答案会水落石出。

　　•第四步，如果时间允许，重读全篇，理解会随之进一步加深，对错漏之处也将看得更清。具体从语义和逻辑的角度看，如果有意义含混或矛盾，应该根据文章的思想内容来考虑;从语法上看，要检查所完成的句子是否主谓一致，时态正确，名词、代词的性、格是否一致，动词、形容词、名词与介词的搭配是否准确无误。

　　•如果初选效果理想, 第三四步也就免了。一般来说，浏览，即第一步需要1分钟;答题，即第二和第三步，需要约6分钟;复读检查，第四步，需要2-3分钟左右。

　　• Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies 1 low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them 2 and active. When the work is well done, a 3 of accident-free operations is established 4 time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.

　　• Successful safety programs may 5 greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by 6 rules or regulations. 7 others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.

　　• There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial stand-point alone, safety 8 . The fewer the injury 9 , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference between operating at 10 or at a loss.

　　1. [A] at [B] in [C] on [D]with

　　2. [A] alive [B] vivid [C] mobile [D] diverse

　　3. [A] regulation [B] climate [C] circumstance [D] requirement

　　4. [A] where [B] how [C] what [D] unless

　　5. [A] alter [B] differ [C] shift [D] distinguish

　　6. [A] constituting [B] aggravating [C] observing [D] justifying

　　7. [A] Some [B] Many [C] Even [D] Still

　　8. [A] comes off [B] turns up [C] pays off [D] holds up

　　9. [A] claims [B] reports [C] declarations [D] proclamations

　　10. [A] an advantage [B] a benefit [C] an interest [D] a profit

　　•浏览全篇我们知道, 文章讨论了生产安全和企业经营的关系。

　　•首段指出了安全计划实施的好可以创造安全的生产氛围，减少伤害造成的时间损失。

　　•第二段指出成功的安全计划侧重点各不相同，然后以举例展开说明。

　　第三段阐述了安全计划的经济价值。

本文选自新东方在线论坛。