同等学力英语语法之时态语态(3)

2015-05-14 20:35:00来源:网络

  一般过去时

  表示在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去的习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响,只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用,如:yesterday,last week,in 1945,at that time,once,during the war,before,a few days ago,when。要注意:

  考点一:used to + do,表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式,后接动词原形。

  be/become/get used to + doing,表示习惯于做某事。

  He used to smoke a lot. 他过去吸烟吸得很凶。

  He has got used to getting up early. 他已经习惯了早起。

  考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替过去将来时。

  He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise. 他答应我他长工资时给我买台电脑。

  过去进行时

  表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。

  What were you doing at nine last night?你昨天晚上9点在干什么?

  考点:when引导的时间状语从句中,从句用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时。

  while引导的时间状语从句中,从句用过去进行时,主句用一般过去时。

  The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work. 父亲下班回来时,这个小男孩正在做作业。

  While the radio was being repaired,you called me. 你打电话的时候,我正在修收音机。

  过去完成时

  表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作,即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”,句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语,这种时态从来不孤立使用( before,after,by,up till )。

  There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000. 到2000年为止,这个城市已经有25座公园了。

  By the end of last term we had finished the book. 上学期末,我们就完成了那本书。

  They finished earlier than we had expected. 他们完成的比我们预计得要早。

  考点一:用于hardly/scarcely...when;no sooner ...than 句型中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。

  I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me. 我刚写完作业,他就过来看我了。

  I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow. 我刚进屋,就开始下雪了。

  No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. 我刚到家电话铃就响了。(注意主谓倒装)

  考点二:表示“第几次做某事”,主句用过去时,从句用过去完成时。

  That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather. 这是她第二次见到她的祖父。

  It was 3 years since we had parted。 我们已经分开三年了。

  考点三:动词hope,expect,think,intend,mean,want,suppose,plan 用过去完成时,表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。

  I had hoped that I could do the job. 我曾经希望能够做这个工作。

  I had intended to see you but I was too busy. 我本打算去看你,但我实在太忙了。

本文选自新东方在线论坛。

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