2015年MPA考试辅导英语讲义难点精析(40)

　　英译汉部分

　　Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)

　　Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　一、英语长难句的分析与翻译训练

　　1. His period in office was marked by s steep rise in Iran’s oil revenues and the beginning of a social-political crisis brought on by wide-scale misuse of the $22 billion a year earning from oil.

　　2. Today's teachers know they have to make lessons fast-moving and entertaining for children raised on television and computer game.

　　3. These are disorientating times for younger Americans. After a childhood of suburban ease and coming of age in the years of endless promise, they are now struggling to adjust to a life of contracting limits not suffered by their parents.

　　4. Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average.

　　5. There is a general support for the argument Democrates are beginning to make that priority should be given to improving the ability of the government to prevent the smuggling of weapons of mass destruction into the entry and to respond effectively should such an attack

　　occur.

　　6. In order to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable.

　　7. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one’s meaning.

　　8. With modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.

　　9. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken.

　　10. Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.

　　11. Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her song.

　　12. Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live.

　　13. Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.

　　14. Although pecans are most plentiful in the southeastern part of the United States, they are found as far north as Ohio and Illinois.

　　15. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scapegoating.

　　16. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil.

　　17. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event’s occurring is equal to the probability that it will not occur.

　　18. By the middle of the twentieth century, painters and sculptors in the United States had begun to exert a great worldwide influence over art.

　　19. Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf than as the inventor of the telephone.

　　20. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events and thus minimize damage and avoid loss of life.

　　21. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.

　　22. As a result, California’s growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5 percent — little more than two thirds the 1960s growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.

　　23. But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not.

　　24. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.

　　25. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

　　26. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.

　　27. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.

　　28. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.

　　29. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

　　30. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.