同等学力英语语法专项复习：虚拟语气(3)

　　三、例题

　　1. If you ______ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be dozy ( 困倦的) now.

　　A. haven’t watched B. didn’t watch

　　C. hadn’t watched D. wouldn’t have watched

　　2. Had I known it, I ______ you.

　　A. have told B. and told C. wouldn’t be told D. would have told

　　3. ______ the storm, we should have reached our destination.

　　A. For but B. But for C. In spite of D. In case of

　　4. She insisted that what she had done ______ right.

　　A. was B. is C. be D. had been

　　5. I wish you ______ me yesterday.

　　A. tell B. could tell C. would tell D. had told

　　6. ______ it left to me to decide, I would not hesitate to prefer the latter.

　　A. If B. Were C. Had D. Should

　　7. It is important that you ______ to the dean before leaving for you vacation.

　　A. speak B. spoken

　　C. have D. speaks

　　8. It’s about time people ______ notice of what women did during the war.

　　A. took B. take

　　C. have taken D. will take

　　9. He talks as if he ______ the incident.

　　A. had witnessed B. witnessed

　　C. witness D. have witnessed

　　10. The boss asked that the letter ______ immediately.

　　A. be typed B. typed

　　C. witness D. being typed11. Don’t you think it is time that you ______ smoking?

　　A. give up B. would give up

　　C. gave up D. must give up

　　12. Without computer, we ______ the tremendous medical advancement in the last few decades.

　　A. would not make B. will not have made

　　C. could not make D. couldn’t have made

　　13. ______ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.

　　A. Had it not been B. Weren’t it

　　C. It were not D. Had not it been

　　14. I’d have come with you ______ I am so busy.

　　A. except for B. provided that

　　C. but that D. so long as

　　15. It is strange that such a thing ______ in your company.

　　A. will happen B. happens C. happened D. should happen

　　16. It’s essential that these application forms ______ back as early as possible.

　　A. must be sent B. will be sent C. are sent D. be sent

　　17. We move that he ______ for his serious mistake.

　　A. will be discharged B. be discharged

　　C. is discharged D. must be discharged

　　18. It was arranged that they ______ the following week.

　　A. leave B. must leave C. will leave D. shall leave

　　19. He made the suggestion that a deadline ______ for handing in the plan.

　　A. be set B. must be set C. is set D. will be set

　　20. I wish I ______ to see the film last night.

　　A. went B. will go C. should go D. had gone

　　21. The manager would rather his daughter ______ in the same office.

　　A. hadn’t worked B. not to work

　　C. doesn’t work D. didn’t work

　　22. He feels as if he alone ______ responsible for the traffic accident.

　　A. should be B. is C. were D. would be

　　23. It’s about time that we ______ our old concept.

　　A. changed B. would change C. will change D. shall change

　　24. ______, he wouldn’t have left.

　　A. If he wasn’t given the cold shoulder

　　B. If he had not been given the cold shoulder

　　C. If he were to be given the cold shoulder

　　D. If he should given the cold shoulder

　　25. ______, he would be rich now.

　　A. If he were to take my advice B. If he took my advice

　　C. Had he taken my advice D. Should she take my advice

　　26. But for his help, I ______.

　　A. wouldn’t have passed the driving test B. wouldn’t pass the driving test

　　C. didn’t pass the driving test D. won’t pass the driving test

　　27. I don’t know his address; ______.

　　A. otherwise I will write to him B. otherwise I would write to him

　　C. otherwise I had written to him D. otherwise I would have written to him

　　四、例题解析

　　1. 答案：C

　　解析：此题考混合虚拟式。本题中if 从句是与过去事实相反的假设。而主句内容与现在事实相反，因此if 从句中的动词用过去完成式。

　　2. 答案：D

　　解析：非真实条件句省略if 时，从句常常用倒装。做这类题只需判断条件句的时态，再对应主句的时态即可。此处条件句为过去完成时态，主句应该用would + 完成时。

　　3. 答案：B

　　解析： but for 意思上相当于一个if 引导的虚拟条件句If it had not been for，作“若不是，要不是”解，谓语动词应该用虚拟式。

　　4. 答案：A

　　解析： insist 在这里作“坚持认为”解，因此不采用虚拟式，而应用陈述语气，即A。D 项选择的意思是“她曾经是对的”，与题意相矛盾。

　　5. 答案：D

　　解析： wish 后的宾语从句如表示某种与事实相反的愿望，一般用虚拟式。句中表示的愿望与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成式。

　　6. 答案：B

　　解析：主句的谓语动词为虚拟式，这时就应考虑到前面应为一虚拟条件句，如没有if，就应考虑到if 省略、从句部分倒装的情况。本题如果选择if，句子中由于没有助动词be，所以不构成正确的被动语态形式。

　　7. 答案：A

　　解析：本题考虚拟式在主语从句中的应用，属于it is + adj. that sb. do sth. 这一句型。

　　8. 答案：A

　　解析：It’s about (high) time that… 句型中，that 从句一般用虚拟式，用过去时态。

　　9. 答案：A

　　解析： as if 或as though 引导的方式状语从句一般用虚拟式。本题中witness(目睹)的动作先于talk 的动作，因此，从句动词用过去完成式。

　　10. 答案：A

　　解析：根据题中asked(命令、要求)一词即可推知，从句谓语动词应用虚拟式，即(should)+ 动词原形。

　　11. 答案：C

　　解析：It is time that… 句型中，that 从句的谓语动词应是虚拟式，即动词的过去式。

　　12. 答案：D

　　解析： without 作“如果没有”解，表示一种与事实相反的假设，意思上相当于一个

　　if 引导的虚拟条件句。这时句中谓语动词应用虚拟式。根据题中in the last few decades 可看出without computer 是与过去事实相反的假设，因此主句应该用：would (should, could, might) + 动词的完成式。

　　13. 答案：A

　　解析：题中逗号前应为省略了if 并部分倒装的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。此处主句用could + 完成时，条件句应为过去完成时态。

　　14. 答案：C

　　解析：but that 作“若不⋯⋯”解，后接一从句，表示一种与事实相反的假设，意思上相当于if 引导的虚拟条件句，这时主句要求用虚拟式。本题句中谓语动词是虚拟式，符合上述要求，因此C 为正确选择。注意but for 和but that 的区别：but for 后接名词，but that 后接从句。

　　15. 答案：D

　　解析：此题考虚拟式在主语从句中的使用，属于it is + adj. that sb. do sth. 这一句型。

　　16. 答案：D

　　解析：参见上题，属于it is + adj. that sb. do sth. 这一句型。

　　17. 答案：B

　　解析：此句中的“move ”意为“提议”。在表示“提议、建议、请求、命令”等意思的动词所带的从句(包括宾语从句和主语从句)中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形形式。

　　18. 答案：A

　　解析：因为that 从句前有过去式arranged，故用省略should 的虚拟语气。

　　19. 答案：A

　　解析：第五项重要考点所列举的动词派生或转换成的名词，其后带有表语从句或同位语从句时，从句中也同样用should + 动词原形表示虚拟。suggestion 后面的从句中用(should) do (be) 的虚拟形式。

　　20. 答案：D

　　解析：在wish 所带的宾语从句中，如果表示与现在事实相反的情况，用过去时谓语动词;如果表示与过去事实相反的情况，用过去完成时谓语动词;如果表示与将来事实相反的情况，用would/should/could/might + 动词原形。本句中last night 暗示与过去事实相反的情况，故用动词的过去完成时表示。

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