2015年同等学力专项练习：阅读训练一

　　1.

　　The myth of success has even invaded our personal relationships: today it’s as important to be “successful” in marriage or parenthood as it is to come out on top in business.

　　【分析】本句为复合句。主句为The myth of success has even invaded our personal relationships。冒号后的分句解释说明前一分句。在第二个分句里，as… as… 表示同级比较，意为“和……一样”。第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词，在此句中引导比较状语从句。

　　【译文】 成功的观念甚至已经侵袭了我们的个人关系：而今，在婚姻和为人父母方面取得成功与在事业上达到巅峰是一样重要的。

　　2.

　　Most governments, perhaps all governments, justify public expenditure on scientific research in terms of the economic benefits the scientific enterprise has brought in the past and will bring in the future.

　　【分析】本句为复合句。主句为Most governments justify public expenditure on scientific research。perhaps all governments是插入成分。the scientific enterprise has brought in the past and will bring in the future是省略that的定语从句，修饰economic benefits。

　　【译文】 大多数政府，也许是所有的政府，在证明他们在科研方面的公共投入是值得的时候，根据的是科学机构在过去已经带来的以及未来即将带来的经济效益。

　　3.

　　“Global” does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones that consumers — especially young people — see as part of a modern, innovative world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes.

　　【分析】本句为复合句。主句为“Global” does not mean products, but ones…。not… but是并列结构，连接两个并列宾语，意为“不是…而是…”。第一个宾语中有一个that引导的定语从句;第二个宾语中又包含两个定语从句，分别是由that引导修饰ones和which引导修饰world。especially young people是插入成分。

　　【译文】“全球”并不是指被有意认为是美国的产品，而是意味着被消费者，尤其是年轻人看作的现代创新世界的一部分，在这个世界里，来自不同文化的人们通过相同的信念和品味而联系在一起。

　　4.

　　We have experienced both the benefits and risks of a truly global economy, with both Wall Street and Main Street (平民百姓) feeling the pains of economic disorder half a world away.

　　【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为We have experienced the benefits and risks。with加独立结构作伴随状语。现在分词feeling的逻辑主语是both Wall Street and Main Street。

　　【译文】 我们从真正的全球经济中获得了好处，同时也经历了风险。不管是华尔街精英还是平民百姓都能感受到远离他们的另外一个半球的经济混乱所带来的伤痛。

　　5.

　　More companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies — innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.

　　【分析】本句为复合句。主句为More companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies。innovations作technologies的同位语。that引导定语从句，修饰innovations。outdated为make的宾语补足语。

　　【译文】 更多的公司正在意识到破坏性技术的重要性，这是一种使一条生产线，甚至是整个商业部门几乎被淘汰的潜在创新。

　　6.

　　Many have reservations, but keep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of understanding for its own sake and the idea of an inquiring, creative spirit.

　　【分析】本句为并列复合句。主句为Many have reservations, but keep them to themselves。what引导宾语从句，作in的宾语。as为介词，意为“当作”。

　　【译文】 很多人都认为这种风气不利于对它本身的追求和探索创造的精神，他们不认同这种风气，但都放在心里。

　　7.

　　When we learn that the distinguished professor assuring us of the safety of a particular product holds a consultancy with the company making it, we cannot be blamed for wondering whether his fee might conceivably cloud his professional judgment.

　　【分析】本句为复合句。主句为we cannot be blamed for wondering whether… judgment。When引导时间状语从句。that引导宾语从句，作learn的宾语。assuring us of the safety of a particular product是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰professor。whether引导宾语从句，作wondering的宾语。

　　【译文】 当我们获知向我们保证某件产品的安全性能的著名教授其实是该产品生产企业的顾问时，会怀疑他所得到的酬金是否很有可能会蒙蔽他的专业判断，而这样想是有情可原的。

　　8. The staff would include depressed grandparents who would explain how grandkids break lamps, bite, scream and kick.

　　【分析】本句为复合句。主句为The staff would include depressed grandparents。who引导定语从句，修饰grandparents。从句中how grandkids break lamps, bite, scream and kick作explain的宾语。

　　【译文】其工作人员会包括一些很沮丧的祖父母，他们会向人们解释孙儿们如何打破灯具、乱咬乱叫、拳打脚踢。

　　9. It is one of the great paradoxes of our culture that we believe strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.

　　【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为that we believe in the equality, yet strive to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens is a paradox。It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主句从句，由yet连接的两个并列句构成。as… as… 引导比较状语从句，在这里意为“尽可能…”。

　　【译文】 在我们文化中的一大矛盾就是我们在坚定信奉基本的人人平等的同时，也在拼命地将自己和我们的同胞区分开来。

　　Politicians remind their voters of the splendid machines “our scientists” have invented, the new drugs to relieve old ailments (病痛), and the new surgical equipment and techniques by which previously intractable (难治疗的) conditions may now be treated and lives saved. (2005年12月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句。主句为Politicians remind their voters of…。三个名词性短语the splendid machines， the new drugs和 the new surgical equipment and techniques是平行结构，都作of的宾语。“our scientists” have invented是省略that的定语从句，修饰machines; which引导定语从句，修饰equipment and techniques，by与先行词which构成搭配。lives saved两词中间省略了may now be。

　　【译文】 政客们使他们的选民回想起“我们的科学家”所发明的绝妙的机器、新研制的缓解旧疾的药品、发明的用于治疗以前不能救治的疑难杂症并挽救生命的外科手术设备和技术。

　　10. The promise of a land where “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” drew poor immigrants from Europe and fueled national expansion into the western territories.

　　【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为The promise drew immigrants and fueled expansion。where引导定语从句，修饰land, where在从句中作地点状语。从句中with equal steps是方式状语。

　　【译文】 在这块土地上，“每个人付出多少劳动，就得到多少回报”，这种承诺吸引了许多贫穷的欧洲移民，并推动了整个国家向西部地区的扩展。

本文选自新东方在线论坛。