2014年在职教育硕士英语讲义连载(11)

　　Translation

　　第一章 英汉对比

　　1. 英语重结构，汉语重语义

　　e.g. Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with inbuilt personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived.

　　2. 英语重长句，汉语多短句

　　Internet in historical methods had arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.

　　3. 英语多从句，汉语多分句

　　On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitudes the test as the other with whom he is compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.

　　4. 英语多代词，汉语多名词

　　There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable when they offend.

　　5. 英语多被动，汉语多主动

　　And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.

　　6. 英语多变化，汉语多重复

　　He hated failure; he had conquered it all his life, risen above it, and despised it in others.

　　7. 英语多抽象，汉语多具体

　　Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people will have to accept more "unnatural food."

　　8. 英语多引申，汉语多推理

　　While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.

　　9. 英语多省略，汉语多补充

　　Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.

　　10. 英语多前重心，汉语多后重心

　　There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.