2014年在职教育硕士英语讲义连载(4)

　　第四节用词

　　二.用词标准

　　1.准确性 (Appropriateness)

　　2.简洁性 (Conciseness)

　　3.灵活性 (Vividness)

　　Appropriateness

　　The arrest was made without any signal of opposition on the part of the murder.

　　He cheated us to believe that he was an honest man.

　　Conciseness

　　The location is more preferable to that one.

　　He arrived so early that we were surprised greatly.

　　Vividness

　　Some people claim that reading selectively is more helpful, since they believe that reading without choice is a waste of time. However, some other people argue that we should read extensively, for they hold the view that in such a rapid-developing society, we need to enlarge the range of our knowledge instead of restricting it to one or two fields. In my opinion, both sides are going to extremes.

　　三.难词替换

　　1.用概括词代替不会写的具体名词

　　2.用对比对照词替换

　　3.解释难词

　　Examples:

　　The hen promises its eggs contain egg white, yolk and egg shell.

　　The view held by common people is a little pessimistic.

　　This is an anecdote.

　　一.用词的常见错误

　　1.词义混淆

　　He is such a respectful man.

　　She lied down and soon feel sleep.

　　It is said that prices have raised.

　　2.搭配错误

　　In the past the price of milk was so expensive that most families could not afford it.

　　We students should study as much knowledge as possible.

　　In recent years, people who take IELTS have doubled.

　　3.中文硬译英文

　　The body is the capital of revolution.

　　exchange our emotions

　　4.过度重复

　　From the picture, I find it is important to make culture exchange. The reason why it is important is as follows:

　　On one hand, since it is important to communicate with foreigners, it is also very important to hold some activities.

　　On the other hand, many people think it is important to exchange our views with foreigners. …..So, it is really very important.

　　All in all, culture exchange is more and more important for us.

　　5.用词老套

　　many, a lot of, more and more, good, bad, so… that…， A coin has two sides.