2014年在职联考英语写作范文英汉对照(7)

　　7.Education and Schooling

　　Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school and one that should be an integral part of one’s entire life.

　　Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. For example, high school students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.

　　受教育与上学

　　教育更具开放性，内容更广泛。 教育不受任何限制。它可以在任何场合下进行，既包括在学校所受的正规教育，也包括一切非正规教育。

　　上学读书多少有点可预见性，而教育往往能带来意外的发现。与陌生人的一次随意谈话可能会使人认识到自己对其它宗教其实所知甚少。人们从幼时起就开始受教育。教育自始至终伴随人的一生，早在人们上学之前就开始了。教育应成为人生命中不可缺少的一部分。

　　然而，上学却是一个特定的形式化的过程。 在不同场合下，它的基本形式大同小异。在全国各地，孩子们几乎在同一时刻到达学校，坐在指定的座位上，由一位成年人传授知识，使用大致相同的教材，做作业， 考试等等。例如，高中生们知道，在课堂上他们没法弄清楚他们社区里政治问题的真情，也不会了解到最新潮的电影制片人在做哪些尝试。 学校教育这一形式化的过程是有特定的限制的。