2014年MBA全国联考英语之MBA专业术语(23)

　　thin markets 薄弱市场

　　markets with relatively few buyers and sellers

　　tie-ins 搭售

　　a restrictive practice in which a customer who buys one product must buy another

　　time constraints 时间约束

　　the limitations on consumption of different goods imposed by the fact that households have only a limited amount of time to spend (twenty-four hours a day). The time constraint defines the opportunity set of individuals if the only constraint that they face is time

　　time value of money 货币的时间价值

　　the fact that a dollar today is worth more than a dollar in the future is called the time value of money

　　total factor productivity analysis 总生产要素分析

　　the analysis of the relationship between output and the aggregate of all inputs; total factor productivity growth is calculated as the difference between the rate of growth of output and the weighted average rate of growth of inputs, where the weight associated with each input is its share in GDP

　　trade creation 贸易创造

　　new trade that is generated as a result of lowered tariff barriers

　　trade diversion 贸易多样化

　　trade that is diverted away from outside countries as a result of lowering tariffs between the members of a trading bloc

　　trade-offs 交易

　　the amount of one good (or one desirable objective) that must be given up to get more of another good (or to attain more of another desirable objective)

　　trade secret 商业秘密

　　an innovation or knowledge of a production process that a firm does not disclose to others

　　trading blocs 商业集团

　　groups of countries that agree to lower trade and other economic barriers among themselves

　　traditional monetary theory 传统货币理论

　　the theory (first developed by John Maynard Keynes, and therefore sometimes referred to as Keynesian monetary theory) that the nominal interest rate is the opportunity cost of holding money, that the demand for money decreases as the interest rate rises, and that the interest rate is determined to equate the demand and supply of money

　　transactions demand for money 货币的交易需求

　　the demand for money arising from its use in buying goods and services

　　transfer programs 转移支付计划

　　programs directly concerned with redistribution, such as AFDC and Medicaid, that move money from one group in society to another

　　transplants 移植

　　plants constructed in one country by firms based in another. U.S. factories producing Mazdas and Toyotas are Japanese transplants

　　Treasury bills (T-bills) 短期国库券

　　bills the government sells in return for a promise to pay a certain amount in a short period, usually less than 180 days

　　trough 波谷

　　the bottom of a recession

　　trusts 信托公司

　　organizations that attempted to control certain markets in the late nineteenth century; they were designed to allow an individual or group owning a small fraction of the total industry to exercise control

　　two-tier wage system 双重工资系统

　　wage systems in which newly hired workers are paid lower wages than established workers are paid