2014年MBA全国联考英语之MBA专业术语(13)

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　　Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡

　　A situation in which economic actors interacting with one another each choose their best strategy given the strategies that all the other actors have chosen

　　National saving (saving) 国民储蓄

　　The total income in the economy that remains after paying for consumption and government purchases

　　Natural monopoly 自然垄断

　　A monopoly that arises because a single firm can supply a good or service to an entire market at a smaller cost than could two or more firms

　　Natural rate of unemployment 自然失业率

　　The normal rate of unemployment around which the unemployment rate fluctuates

　　Natural resources 自然资源

　　The inputs into the production of goods and services that are provided by nature, such as land, rivers, and mineral deposits

　　Natural-rate hypothesis 自然率假说

　　The claim that unemployment eventually returns to its normal, or natural, rate, regardless of the rate of inflation

　　Net exports 净出口

　　The value of a nation’s exports minus the value of its imports, also called the trade balance; Spending on domestically produced goods by foreigners (exports) minus spending on foreign goods by domestic residents (imports)

　　Net foreign investment 国外净投资

　　The purchase of foreign assets by domestic residents minus the purchase of domestic assets by foreigners

　　Nominal GDP 名义GDP

　　The production of goods and services valued at current prices

　　Nominal Variables 名义变量

　　Variables measured in monetary units

　　Nominal exchange rate 名义汇率

　　The rate at which a person can trade the currency of one country for the currency of another

　　Nominal interest rate 名义利率

　　The interest rate as usually reported without a correction for the effects of inflation，examda.com

　　Normal good 正常物品

　　A good for which an increase in income raises the quantity demanded; A good for which, other things being equal, an increase in income leads to an increase in quantity demanded

　　Normative statements 规范表述

　　Claims that attempt to prescribe how the world should be

　　natural endowments 自然禀赋

　　a country’s natural resources, like good climate, fertile land, or minerals

　　net export function 净出口函数

　　a curve that gives the level of net exports at each level of income

　　net domestic product (NDP) 国内生产净值

　　GDP minus the value of the depreciation of the country’s capital goods

　　new classical economists 新古典经济学家

　　economists who, beginning in the 1970;s, built on the tradition of classical economists and believed that by and large, market forces, if left to themselves, would solve the problems of unemployment and recessions

　　new growth economists 新增长经济学家

　　economists who, beginning in the 1980’s, sought to understand better the basic forces that led the economy to grow fast at one time and slower at another, or some countries to grow faster than others

　　new Keynesian economists 新凯恩斯主义经济学家

　　economists who, beginning the 1980’s, built on the tradition of Keynesian economists and focused attention on unemployment; they sought explanations for the failure of wages and prices to adjust to make labor markets and possibly other markets clear

　　newly industrialized countries 新工业化国家

　　nations that have recently moved from begin quite poor to being middle-income countries; including South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong

　　normative economics 规范经济学

　　economics in which the conclusions rest on value judgments as well as facts and theories