一、非谓动词作主语
1.不定式作主语。如:
To say is easier than to do.
解析:用不定式作主语时,常表示一次性的、具体的、特指的动作,并且用it作形式主语而将其后置。如上例可改为:It is easier to say than to do.
2.动名词作主语。如:
Walking after supper is good for both young and old.
解析:若表示抽象的、习惯性的动作时常用动名词。
二、非谓语动词作表语
1.不定式作表语。如:
What I can do is to give you some reasonable advice.
The library books are not allowed to be taken away.
解析:不定式作表语时,其后接动词(词组)主动式或被动式,与其最近的动词采用原形。
2.动名词作表语。如:
His job is teaching.
The most famous writings in the world are worth reading.
解析:动名词作表语时,表语既具有动词特征又具有名词性,甚至有时表语和主语可以互换。如上例可改为:Teaching is his job.
3.分词作表语。如:
The film is interesting, and my sister gets interested in it.
解析:现在分词作表语,表示主语所具有的特征,表语与主语之间是主动关系,并且常以物作主语,译为“某物怎么样”;过去分词作表语,表示主语所处的心理状态,主语和表语之间存在被动关系,并且常以人作主语,译为“某人感到怎么样”。具有这一用法的有:surprise, interest, touch, move, puzzle, excite, tire, please, disappoint, satisfy, encourage等。
三、非谓语动词作宾语
1.不定式作宾语。如:
She pretended not to see me when I came in.
Little Jim should love to be taken to the theatre this evening.
解析:有些动词之后要用不定式作宾语。表示某次具体的动作或行为。类似的动词有hope, agree, choose,manage,promise,expect,determine,decide,seek,refuse,arrange,desire等。
2.动名词作宾语。如:
Would you mind my opening the window?
He didn’t remember having lived with his friend before.
解析:有些动词(词组)后接动名词形式,表示动作的经常性、习惯性或已经完成。类似的词有enjoy, keep, admit, avoid, escape, consider, delay, put off, give up等。
注意:want, need, require 等动词以物作主语时,其后的宾语用主动式表被动含义或用不定式的被动式。如Those young trees need watering/ to be watered.另外,还有少数动词,如mean, stop, try, can’t help 等后既可接不定式也可接动名词,但各自发生时间有先后。如:
(1)—The light in the room is still on.
—Oh, I forgot to turn it off.
(2)—Where is your pen?
—Oh, I remember having putting it in my bag.
推荐阅读
更多>>1 略读 粗略地阅读语言材料的面式阅读法,通过略读获取阅读材料的主要内容和大意。快速阅读时,训练学生略读文章标题判断预测主要内
一、紧扣主题,中心鲜明 紧扣主题是重中之重,是整个作文的主线,如果偏离主题的话即使再好的修饰,再好的语句结构,最多给你一个安
1 Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧。 2 God helps those who help themselves 天助自助者。 3 Easier said than
take a the chance 冒风险;碰运气 take after与……相像 take apart拆开;剖析;粗暴对待 take care小心,当心; take
关系代词(在句中作主语、宾语或定语) 1 that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾
阅读排行榜
相关内容